20 research outputs found

    Genetic and geographic influence on phenotypic variation in European sarcoidosis patients

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    IntroductionSarcoidosis is a highly variable disease in terms of organ involvement, type of onset and course. Associations of genetic polymorphisms with sarcoidosis phenotypes have been observed and suggest genetic signatures.MethodsAfter obtaining a positive vote of the competent ethics committee we genotyped 1909 patients of the deeply phenotyped Genetic-Phenotype Relationship in Sarcoidosis (GenPhenReSa) cohort of 31 European centers in 12 countries with 116 potentially disease-relevant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Using a meta-analysis, we investigated the association of relevant phenotypes (acute vs. sub-acute onset, phenotypes of organ involvement, specific organ involvements, and specific symptoms) with genetic markers. Subgroups were built on the basis of geographical, clinical and hospital provision considerations.ResultsIn the meta-analysis of the full cohort, there was no significant genetic association with any considered phenotype after correcting for multiple testing. In the largest sub-cohort (Serbia), we confirmed the known association of acute onset with TNF and reported a new association of acute onset an HLA polymorphism. Multi-locus models with sets of three SNPs in different genes showed strong associations with the acute onset phenotype in Serbia and Lublin (Poland) demonstrating potential region-specific genetic links with clinical features, including recently described phenotypes of organ involvement.DiscussionThe observed associations between genetic variants and sarcoidosis phenotypes in subgroups suggest that gene–environment-interactions may influence the clinical phenotype. In addition, we show that two different sets of genetic variants are permissive for the same phenotype of acute disease only in two geographic subcohorts pointing to interactions of genetic signatures with different local environmental factors. Our results represent an important step towards understanding the genetic architecture of sarcoidosis

    TĂŒdƑtranszplantĂĄciĂł MagyarorszĂĄgon (1996–2011) = Lung transplantation in Hungary (1996–2011)

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    A magyar tĂŒdƑtranszplantĂĄciĂł 15 Ă©ves törtĂ©nete magĂĄn viseli az elmĂșlt mĂĄsfĂ©l Ă©vtized szakmai, politikai Ă©s tĂĄrsadalmi jellemzƑit. A nem egyĂ©rtelmƱen meghatĂĄrozott feltĂ©telrendszerek között zajlĂł beavatkozĂĄs szĂĄmos jogi, pĂ©nzĂŒgyi, etikai kĂ©rdĂ©st hagyott nyitva, amelyek a mai napig sem tisztĂĄzĂłdtak. Erre az Állami SzĂĄmvevƑszĂ©k jelentĂ©se is felhĂ­vta a figyelmet. Az Eurotransplanthoz tervezett csatlakozĂĄs jelentƑs elƑrelĂ©pĂ©st jelent. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1772–1774. | The 15 years history of lung transplantation in Hungary shows the medical, political and social characteristics of this period. The barely determined, open-ended legal, financial and ethical framework of transplantation has stayed nowadays in the same position. The Hungarian State Audit Office has also noted these problems. Joining of Hungary to Eurotransplant will beneficially influence the whole procedure. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1772–1774

    Tuberculosis

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    TuberkulĂłzis 2006 = Tuberculosis 2006

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    A vilĂĄgon Ă©vente 8–10 milliĂł Ășj tuberkulĂłzisos beteg Ă©s 3 milliĂł halĂĄleset fordul elƑ, tĂșlnyomĂł többsĂ©gĂŒk a fejlƑdƑ orszĂĄgokban. MagyarorszĂĄgon 2005-ben 2024 Ășj beteget fedeztek fel. A 20 szĂĄzezrelĂ©kes incidencia megközelĂ­ti a nyugat-eurĂłpai orszĂĄgok epidemiolĂłgiai mutatĂłit. Az egyĂ©bkĂ©nt eredmĂ©nyes gyĂłgyszeres kezelĂ©st nehezĂ­ti a multidrugrezisztens Ă©s az extensively drug rezisztens törzsek megjelenĂ©se. HazĂĄnkban 2005-ben 27 Ășj multidrugrezisztens törzset talĂĄltak (incidencia), extensively drug rezisztens törzset pedig 3 esetben azonosĂ­tottak. Az EgĂ©szsĂ©gĂŒgyi VilĂĄgszervezet Ă©s a Magyar TĂŒdƑgyĂłgyĂĄsz KollĂ©gium megĂșjĂ­tott ajĂĄnlĂĄsai magukban foglaljĂĄk mindazokat a feltĂ©telrendszereket, melyek a tuberkulĂłzis megelƑzĂ©sĂ©hez, kezelĂ©sĂ©hez, illetve az multidrugrezisztens/extensively drug rezisztens törzsek azonosĂ­tĂĄsĂĄhoz Ă©s terĂĄpiĂĄjĂĄhoz szĂŒksĂ©gesek. At present, 8–10 million new cases of tuberculosis and 3 million tuberculosis related deaths occur worldwide. Approximately 90% of patients and deaths occur in the developing countries. In Hungary, 2024 new cases with tuberculosis were detected in 2005. This incidence corresponds to the epidemiological data of western European countries. However, the multidrug and extensively drug resistant bacteria challenged the otherwise effective antimicrobial therapy. In Hungary, 27 new multidrug-, and 3 new extensively drug resistant tuberculoses were detected in 2005. The recommendation of the World Health Organisation and the renewed guideline of the Hungarian Board of Pulmonology include all criteria necessary to the effective prevention, diagnosis and therapy of multidrog-, and extensively drug resistant tuberculoses

    Alacsony dĂłzisĂș CT-vel törtĂ©nƑ tĂŒdƑrĂĄkszƱrĂ©s magyarorszĂĄgi bevezetĂ©sĂ©nek elsƑ tapasztalatai | Preliminary experiences with low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening in Hungary

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    BevezetĂ©s: A fejlett orszĂĄgokban Ă©s hazĂĄnkban is a daganatos betegsĂ©gek közĂŒl a tĂŒdƑrĂĄk mortalitĂĄsa a legmagasabb. CĂ©lkitƱzĂ©s: Az alacsony dĂłzisĂș CT-alapĂș tĂŒdƑrĂĄkszƱrĂ©s cĂ©lzott nĂ©pegĂ©szsĂ©gĂŒgyi szƱrĂ©skĂ©nt törtĂ©nƑ alkalmazhatĂłsĂĄgĂĄnak elƑsegĂ­tĂ©se Ă©s tapasztalatszerzĂ©s. MĂłdszer: 40 Ă©v feletti panaszmentes önkĂ©ntesek (n = 963) digitĂĄlis alapĂș mellkasröntgen- Ă©s alacsony dĂłzisĂș CT-alapĂș vizsgĂĄlata. EredmĂ©nyek: A digitĂĄlis mellkasröntgenszƱrĂ©sen megjelentek közĂŒl kĂ©t szemĂ©ly kerĂŒlt kiemelĂ©sre (0,2%). Minden negatĂ­v mellkas-röntgenfelvĂ©tellel bĂ­rĂł vizsgĂĄltnak (n = 943) lehetƑsĂ©ge volt arra, hogy önkĂ©ntesen, tĂĄjĂ©koztatĂĄs utĂĄn rĂ©szt vegyen alacsony dĂłzisĂș CT-szƱrĂ©sen, ezzel a lehetƑsĂ©ggel 173-an Ă©ltek. KĂŒlönbözƑ eltĂ©rĂ©sek miatt 65 szemĂ©ly kerĂŒlt kiemelĂ©sre, tovĂĄbbi vizsgĂĄlatukra az eltĂ©rĂ©s jellege, nagysĂĄga stb. figyelembevĂ©telĂ©vel 3 hĂłnap, illetve 12 hĂłnap mĂșlva kerĂŒlt sor. Az alacsony dĂłzisĂș CT-alapĂș tĂŒdƑrĂĄkszƱrĂ©ssel egy beteg (0,6%) kerĂŒlt kiemelĂ©sre. KövetkeztetĂ©sek: A nĂ©pegĂ©szsĂ©gĂŒgyi keretek körĂ©ben szervezni tervezett alacsony dĂłzisĂș CT-alapĂș tĂŒdƑrĂĄkszƱrĂ©s 50%-kal növelheti az eredmĂ©nyessĂ©get (0,2%-rĂłl 0,3%-ra). Az alacsony dĂłzisĂș CT-alapĂș tĂŒdƑrĂĄkszƱrĂ©st megelƑzƑ mellkas-röntgenfelvĂ©tellel a költsĂ©ghatĂ©konysĂĄg növelhetƑ. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(10), 383–388. | Introduction: Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate of all types of cancers both in developed countries and Hungary. Aim: To obtain experience and facilitate the application of low-dose computed tomography-based lung cancer screening as a targeted public health screening procedure. Method: Volunteers without thoracic complaints above the age of 40 years (n = 963) were screened for lung cancer using digital chest radiography and low-dose computed tomography. Results: Two lung cancers were found among the participants screened with digital chest radiography (0.2%). After informed consent, 173 individuals with normal chest radiography findings (n = 943) took the opportunity to voluntarily participate in low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer. After 3 or 12 months, 65 individuals had follow up control examinations based on the size and characteristics of the detected lesions. Among them, one participant was found to have lung cancer using low-dose computed tomography. Conclusions: These results indicate that low-dose computed tomography-based lung cancer screening as a public health screening procedure can enhance the success of screening with 50% (from 0.2% to 0.3%). The cost-benefit ratio can be raised if chest radiography is performed prior to the low-dose computed tomography examination. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(10), 383–388
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